home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- .so AN.NRO
- .TH DIFF 1 "File comparator
- .SH NAME
- diff -- File comparator
- .SH SYNOPSIS
- .bo
- diff <file1> <file2> <options>
- .sp
- Options:
- .sp
- -Alterations | -Match
- .br
- -Resynch <n>
- .br
- -Header "foo"
- .br
- -Blanks
- .br
- -Singlecase
- .br
- -Zdebug
- .SH DESCRIPTION
- .PP
- Diff performs a comparison between two ASCII files, and lists the differences
- on the console or to redirected output. The general form of a difference
- listing is:
- .sp
- .nf
- .nj
- --------------------------------------- <line1>
- some lines from the first file
- --------------------------------------- <line2>
- the corresponding lines from the
- second file
- .fi
- .ju
- .PP
- Several options are available for changing the way DIFF operates. They are
- listed below.
- .PP
- -Match specifies that, rather than listing the differences as shown above,
- lines that are the same in both files are to be listed. The header
- line will specify the line numbers in file1 and file2, separated by
- a comma.
- .PP
- -Alters specifies that the changed lines in file2 are to be listed. The
- format of the listing is:
- .sp
- .nf
- .nj
- --------------------------------- <line1>
- some lines inserted in second file
- --------------------------------- <line2>, <line3>
- some lines in second file replacing
- lines from the first file.
- .fi
- .ju
- .sp
- The first header indicates that the lines which follow are inserted before
- line #<line1> in the first file; the second shows that the following lines
- replace <line2> through <line3> in the first file.
- .PP
- -Resynch <n> specifies that at least <n> matching lines are required for
- DIFF to end a set of differing lines. The default is 3.
- .PP
- -Header "foo" says that "foo" is the string to print at the beginning of
- a header line. The default is a string of dashes.
- .PP
- -Blank causes DIFF to treat all strings of blanks and tabs as if they
- were single blanks, and to ignore trailing blanks and tabs on lines.
- It is useful if two files have things aligned in different columns, but
- are otherwise similar.
- .PP
- -Singlecase causes DIFF to treat lowercase characters the same as their
- uppercase equivalents. By default, DIFF respects case differences.
- .PP
- -Zdebug is used to debug DIFF; it causes a trace of the resynchronization
- loop to be printed. It isn't particularly useful.
- .PP
- Any option may be abbreviated to its first character.
- .SH EXAMPLES
- .nf
- .nj
- diff whosis.bak whosis.c
- diff -match myfile herfile >duplines
- diff oldfile newfile -single -resync 4
- .fi
- .ju
- .SH DIAGNOSTICS
- .PP
- "Unknown option" -- An unrecognizable option appears on the command line.
- .PP
- "-xxx option requires a value" -- The -Resync or -Header option was
- specified without giving a value.
- .PP
- "Files have too many differences to compare." -- The two files had
- so many contiguous lines without a match that DIFF ran out of memory.
- .PP
- "can't happen" -- DIFF detected an internal error condition. This
- message should never appear.
- .SH BUGS
- .PP
- Sometimes, DIFF loses its place in the files, and starts reporting some
- outrageous group of differences or runs out of memory. If this happens,
- the file generally has some group of three or more consecutive lines
- that are identical but appear in the middle of a changed area. If so,
- a larger value of "-resync" may help.
- .PP
- Equal lines in the middle of a region of differences are reported as different.
- If the comparison doesn't break down, a smaller value of "-resync" may
- edit these out.
- .SH NOTES
- If the files have a large number of differences, DIFF may take quite
- a while, apparently without disc activity, to find its place. If you
- are expecting a large number of differences, don't worry; this is
- normal. If you aren't expecting many differences, make sure that
- you're comparing the correct pair of files.
- so many contiguous lines without a match